Adnan Online Class: Assembly Language

Assembly language tutorial-First program in emu8086 emulator

Input Output Instructions<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipInK0iV-VvmYdqWKUQOp5dOiQJWaq_QVWOKS9BKbUUfm5bTY1TvleB-HlFTehZiFokNr3tniV203Bk8vUnKYrSdS3GB1Cn3Y-b750g5uUeGBoIzM6aSiu8rkYbCmcFYyXaJNRz-sE50fn/s1600/ghg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipInK0iV-VvmYdqWKUQOp5dOiQJWaq_QVWOKS9BKbUUfm5bTY1TvleB-HlFTehZiFokNr3tniV203Bk8vUnKYrSdS3GB1Cn3Y-b750g5uUeGBoIzM6aSiu8rkYbCmcFYyXaJNRz-sE50fn/s640/ghg.png" width="640" /></a></div>
Ascii Codes<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipQUS0QqN6BpNUtHXgwKItYqLSf-GRJaImfTVptFVNVcW8cxh6yzUj7C1_EtzQOFRBCj5WhOAGIFX0JPSo8yFetMDNDB32KhHLGchyphenhyphenvjABn3sAqrvMx4yNHM7yhlE4M6RD2fLl6yXBKvpc/s1600/ffg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipQUS0QqN6BpNUtHXgwKItYqLSf-GRJaImfTVptFVNVcW8cxh6yzUj7C1_EtzQOFRBCj5WhOAGIFX0JPSo8yFetMDNDB32KhHLGchyphenhyphenvjABn3sAqrvMx4yNHM7yhlE4M6RD2fLl6yXBKvpc/s640/ffg.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Beep Code:-</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFu-I8dEN44UTkIH5VPbT-poA8BMrmdwXFpU4-sXd2z1M8bnWT1NHmOnp4DFZ02_uuKmIPG8FbcZeYkgOnNMFA_tpA2MGrYkKuKTfbwAjaiFgaZkbPWLAs0fKJo-KJvc-jgY9r5qy3Pq8x/s1600/cdcd.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFu-I8dEN44UTkIH5VPbT-poA8BMrmdwXFpU4-sXd2z1M8bnWT1NHmOnp4DFZ02_uuKmIPG8FbcZeYkgOnNMFA_tpA2MGrYkKuKTfbwAjaiFgaZkbPWLAs0fKJo-KJvc-jgY9r5qy3Pq8x/s640/cdcd.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Data and variables:-</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXVfYYB37wvUDsIyNVs42xy4OyYwKzQRaa3JLt3kEQdJ4YgMt_abthrqeQigZ3rbTUFZWbDjktNQAT-gRcUkmW-7THn5fllHjFZOjDd1ItAeC6_Qa9WMUOTu60jIqJCB2iQ9KYX9R9-j90/s1600/Screenshot+-+3_14_2017+%252C+5_17_57+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXVfYYB37wvUDsIyNVs42xy4OyYwKzQRaa3JLt3kEQdJ4YgMt_abthrqeQigZ3rbTUFZWbDjktNQAT-gRcUkmW-7THn5fllHjFZOjDd1ItAeC6_Qa9WMUOTu60jIqJCB2iQ9KYX9R9-j90/s640/Screenshot+-+3_14_2017+%252C+5_17_57+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">INC , DEC Instruction</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS4y6SmH8Ln7P51gt4K0ub3DYhNuWlrz1vIMUXn6WFO7b3_T2LuWWEm8ztEJ47R6rvdRQFgGgJlrt7FYLBGsr-5V4BF8lh_dzFCimWJl2Z56bJrcEGRrRyiW7BLzQJ9VW54wadiYoNWt3Y/s1600/download+%25282%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS4y6SmH8Ln7P51gt4K0ub3DYhNuWlrz1vIMUXn6WFO7b3_T2LuWWEm8ztEJ47R6rvdRQFgGgJlrt7FYLBGsr-5V4BF8lh_dzFCimWJl2Z56bJrcEGRrRyiW7BLzQJ9VW54wadiYoNWt3Y/s640/download+%25282%2529.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">ADD , SUB Instructions.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirsxn1Fk29blc0mXacZrgYodt2qjPb4QaZVTmwaRCPgZvzzLCMIHOIi3xiLt2UQxaHaRo-8_xxS5I7ZLlbCQPhsgpDTECWr1YpXMUPEMazn1h_WOf6B_idwjqZJY3SMOkBd-pUSK_cHZRS/s1600/download+%25285%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirsxn1Fk29blc0mXacZrgYodt2qjPb4QaZVTmwaRCPgZvzzLCMIHOIi3xiLt2UQxaHaRo-8_xxS5I7ZLlbCQPhsgpDTECWr1YpXMUPEMazn1h_WOf6B_idwjqZJY3SMOkBd-pUSK_cHZRS/s640/download+%25285%2529.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">NEG (Negation) Instruction:-</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyV1AWzxU33k6Uq6tqrUDCPJf8FZVgA-FYGw9mU2qDxRtsRoZiB-t7SWlbcv32yYeA8UY8bI6qh3ShbGPBd0ZBQHhPcC8q_GCiujaVUbxduWq6nsRT2nl3Rb_MSTuga-U596xnOA1eQNvn/s1600/download+%25287%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyV1AWzxU33k6Uq6tqrUDCPJf8FZVgA-FYGw9mU2qDxRtsRoZiB-t7SWlbcv32yYeA8UY8bI6qh3ShbGPBd0ZBQHhPcC8q_GCiujaVUbxduWq6nsRT2nl3Rb_MSTuga-U596xnOA1eQNvn/s640/download+%25287%2529.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Flag Registers.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfxyo1vii_QD4fWE2VVJwPhFUK8ywSowIkOoelsjbH0nGoKT_xbhLs4INJRDhwGbYlz2mE3O2qXH79GKbFdwCbllPtU8Y1YI5tYTaACjM30vcNtFzSy9b_lJxDAf2E9ErcyA6OB3lBK4Ha/s1600/download+%25289%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfxyo1vii_QD4fWE2VVJwPhFUK8ywSowIkOoelsjbH0nGoKT_xbhLs4INJRDhwGbYlz2mE3O2qXH79GKbFdwCbllPtU8Y1YI5tYTaACjM30vcNtFzSy9b_lJxDAf2E9ErcyA6OB3lBK4Ha/s640/download+%25289%2529.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">JUM (Jump)Statment:-</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyIkgDsX4HDX8KqjoHsJvV1kOBU4fp0W0t8mf9VyXJxoXcXMq1RnNfDkC03rjCElBFhs8LbIGGA1C7uxNOuuI1uoLgSVOODFCC0T2i5ybCtN0zSp0gJdoqMywRKU8TdHEXkkLwLBO4QAIw/s1600/download+%252815%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyIkgDsX4HDX8KqjoHsJvV1kOBU4fp0W0t8mf9VyXJxoXcXMq1RnNfDkC03rjCElBFhs8LbIGGA1C7uxNOuuI1uoLgSVOODFCC0T2i5ybCtN0zSp0gJdoqMywRKU8TdHEXkkLwLBO4QAIw/s640/download+%252815%2529.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Loop :-</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIfhAaYkSzTTFIHCF_5ahrT5NbKCuqL3bkX5SI_p0m1eSOvm2tbPLJKUvWL2VxHhbzsEYxZ8jFOTPGBHXkWMSyG2HuknD4IU8fbrgUx06B0WHaf5gpY0WwQm55V4X3LZ9I6iTTv9u8gubQ/s1600/download+%252816%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="374" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIfhAaYkSzTTFIHCF_5ahrT5NbKCuqL3bkX5SI_p0m1eSOvm2tbPLJKUvWL2VxHhbzsEYxZ8jFOTPGBHXkWMSyG2HuknD4IU8fbrgUx06B0WHaf5gpY0WwQm55V4X3LZ9I6iTTv9u8gubQ/s640/download+%252816%2529.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">PUSH & POP:-</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2rZaPVkVQVCutu-jAwkNdru_cLKJhu94lO65AGdARiPG-UnGBomzwHlG6wxB87jj4Q6N400AYOakR0Jc9IDNsZJdUQDszSqR63PTxFoUvz_zKmv1AP_g8WTHAgyh8iGYdiinANdcFKNBn/s1600/fgfhgfd.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="336" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2rZaPVkVQVCutu-jAwkNdru_cLKJhu94lO65AGdARiPG-UnGBomzwHlG6wxB87jj4Q6N400AYOakR0Jc9IDNsZJdUQDszSqR63PTxFoUvz_zKmv1AP_g8WTHAgyh8iGYdiinANdcFKNBn/s640/fgfhgfd.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Functions(Procedures):-</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO6eDRcTzSYFW7udOkmk_SjD4oDJ7zqdEvI1FKQD3gQF3Yej_3MgjlpnQM_0xc1CVB0IwJWNGVwlWJySolhWF_7UQ9-LtvZvwXiFY5GEv_ljJGkfxrUc1kiZjG7N0h4QomRfWor9JW2aM2/s1600/khkjj.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="390" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO6eDRcTzSYFW7udOkmk_SjD4oDJ7zqdEvI1FKQD3gQF3Yej_3MgjlpnQM_0xc1CVB0IwJWNGVwlWJySolhWF_7UQ9-LtvZvwXiFY5GEv_ljJGkfxrUc1kiZjG7N0h4QomRfWor9JW2aM2/s640/khkjj.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Procedures(Functions)</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv_d3Eb2Ab7zuaawPIEP9qx8ZxqEHPgSPy-fplo6CeTKbpJwXH33pzkUj8ujHmqckYDeNkcxPJ9Ly2Uui8dOpW6L75ued9lZBE3JK5VT8hk8skmI6zwo_NnXyYcCADehppd2HP40_tss0B/s1600/Screenshot+-+4_26_2017+%252C+5_37_48+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="492" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv_d3Eb2Ab7zuaawPIEP9qx8ZxqEHPgSPy-fplo6CeTKbpJwXH33pzkUj8ujHmqckYDeNkcxPJ9Ly2Uui8dOpW6L75ued9lZBE3JK5VT8hk8skmI6zwo_NnXyYcCADehppd2HP40_tss0B/s640/Screenshot+-+4_26_2017+%252C+5_37_48+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">AND ,OR Insturctions</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2aqmim7za1uPM1uxYiCjgTZqvvmo8nF3N_pt5bEex1Oh7IhyphenhyphenOXLtaAK_HJzjJ4jIscjSB9Tj_AYFXTPmk3pjOrADAggwFF5zDdinU2Fx4GeaEgjqRuxvdjEQH0AA-B4kV8kjYqLgkUgxM/s1600/Screenshot+-+4_26_2017+%252C+5_46_41+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2aqmim7za1uPM1uxYiCjgTZqvvmo8nF3N_pt5bEex1Oh7IhyphenhyphenOXLtaAK_HJzjJ4jIscjSB9Tj_AYFXTPmk3pjOrADAggwFF5zDdinU2Fx4GeaEgjqRuxvdjEQH0AA-B4kV8kjYqLgkUgxM/s640/Screenshot+-+4_26_2017+%252C+5_46_41+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">XOR Function</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3sdxqwEdCA6V_kNUwevQQiUYONlWXEOlKeQMk4MOAKdd3Z0VmdoxNxHek_m9u0QUlvygp20NGfbmFk1nPDyEii4eJMhUH4Z5a2nNxlYZ5IXRQZ24GWDGSnyt0N1nYgWKf3t2S7dOicfi6/s1600/qqqq.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3sdxqwEdCA6V_kNUwevQQiUYONlWXEOlKeQMk4MOAKdd3Z0VmdoxNxHek_m9u0QUlvygp20NGfbmFk1nPDyEii4eJMhUH4Z5a2nNxlYZ5IXRQZ24GWDGSnyt0N1nYgWKf3t2S7dOicfi6/s640/qqqq.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Not Operator</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFpotm_hsNkef54YIkBEa66rZHTalHsNSNmL9SRSZwNkmAA5HsVz-Aii07SD93SNEVumcQCJnxmZ5ThzGu8q_bWd09Xh6nboieXuJTGAGvnm7zIwNArBQbHWFET5iQ7CHWWVlIT9QXRWST/s1600/vvv.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="142" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFpotm_hsNkef54YIkBEa66rZHTalHsNSNmL9SRSZwNkmAA5HsVz-Aii07SD93SNEVumcQCJnxmZ5ThzGu8q_bWd09Xh6nboieXuJTGAGvnm7zIwNArBQbHWFET5iQ7CHWWVlIT9QXRWST/s640/vvv.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Conditional Jumps(JC,JNC,JZ,JNZ)</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9Ahv-3yGh_xTNwmm4A8QUcSWlN2ksdppkh_sbrwQv874gjBSbZKTq2AKwFti_IxYhfI6zh4E3gGElx_w2DBR2rrxNkcWvxvxq5jSvbWreAHPjNze1BYEo_UsxuRIG06X_KPRO4G_bWovw/s1600/jump.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9Ahv-3yGh_xTNwmm4A8QUcSWlN2ksdppkh_sbrwQv874gjBSbZKTq2AKwFti_IxYhfI6zh4E3gGElx_w2DBR2rrxNkcWvxvxq5jSvbWreAHPjNze1BYEo_UsxuRIG06X_KPRO4G_bWovw/s640/jump.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Ja(Jamp Above)</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguLFSoN0BmQfuZLRgcGTCBpnnW7Sj47q3g1CVpy6EWnFnfFoPpk4JxSJ0_Sm0OA8PDmn97QGkO_SlahY6h6yiLd_QtrZZvBtRc9SpmFlZnyob1LujMR3aC8YeYt3WhJE9e6GKCh0OnkJ3e/s1600/jumps.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="424" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguLFSoN0BmQfuZLRgcGTCBpnnW7Sj47q3g1CVpy6EWnFnfFoPpk4JxSJ0_Sm0OA8PDmn97QGkO_SlahY6h6yiLd_QtrZZvBtRc9SpmFlZnyob1LujMR3aC8YeYt3WhJE9e6GKCh0OnkJ3e/s640/jumps.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9kIBUx365xsszgwLWrPiIv1UeXYkW509s1AAGz8kBZ74qhvcGsTMSH093zENtJwKDfw0mKQQ1msIAwdF1tBx5WmMqAoOxGG35TLy1c5nuvmI1NxuD1acEcRuzBa2r2eeIs5Vbnzx4xM1i/s1600/jum.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="446" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9kIBUx365xsszgwLWrPiIv1UeXYkW509s1AAGz8kBZ74qhvcGsTMSH093zENtJwKDfw0mKQQ1msIAwdF1tBx5WmMqAoOxGG35TLy1c5nuvmI1NxuD1acEcRuzBa2r2eeIs5Vbnzx4xM1i/s640/jum.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Loop</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji2IdPWcoYTVGYSNrtJv1KRsnUlO37rFKMUHcTHTqRYTDVVGG5DdWNn6vlsGiAc-QLSJMJXVDK_MkkDOhGjmrudKCRsHvHxrW5VwpqH8LPwEJSyruRYh63vrVm1P7MlqdZNtmfD_ty1JrN/s1600/loops.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji2IdPWcoYTVGYSNrtJv1KRsnUlO37rFKMUHcTHTqRYTDVVGG5DdWNn6vlsGiAc-QLSJMJXVDK_MkkDOhGjmrudKCRsHvHxrW5VwpqH8LPwEJSyruRYh63vrVm1P7MlqdZNtmfD_ty1JrN/s640/loops.png" width="640" /></a></div>
Loopz<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEmxk4RxS9suoD4W_UR7tcd_DP-eVqK83Qx7Mu9jXVK8RUNXocu92CEGK2D334vD7hxndadilJ4nNZuK6Tlia-f-lx-SKRf45pqXRdt9NrRh3BDq0Nd_-Fmt4EBuXj1llzsxEFK9N2DXc-/s1600/loopz.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="332" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEmxk4RxS9suoD4W_UR7tcd_DP-eVqK83Qx7Mu9jXVK8RUNXocu92CEGK2D334vD7hxndadilJ4nNZuK6Tlia-f-lx-SKRf45pqXRdt9NrRh3BDq0Nd_-Fmt4EBuXj1llzsxEFK9N2DXc-/s640/loopz.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />

Assembly language tutorial-First program in emu8086 emulator

Input Output Instructions Ascii Codes Beep Code:- Data and variables:- INC , DEC Instruction ADD , SUB Instructions. NE...

+ Read more »

Registers in Computer Architecture

<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieQGV9omHrKjvKXPc87B1APzY6GpOXZQqGe7BduWptImNr0XYktSwja6-li9ZqNssK_5hiSCvTnKs75N_WE0n70CnB0GGLrntiD4acFSYgeOllDJbAx447Vp53brKbpx_0ZXB2GL7MUEOp/s1600/main-qimg-686c15ca955b71cb14b1a1e4e7240961.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieQGV9omHrKjvKXPc87B1APzY6GpOXZQqGe7BduWptImNr0XYktSwja6-li9ZqNssK_5hiSCvTnKs75N_WE0n70CnB0GGLrntiD4acFSYgeOllDJbAx447Vp53brKbpx_0ZXB2GL7MUEOp/s320/main-qimg-686c15ca955b71cb14b1a1e4e7240961.png" width="320" /></a></div>
    <br />
The register is high-speed memory CPU registers are used by the CPU.Early store data intermediate results during processing. Registers are the fastest type of memory used by the CPU, even faster than level 1 cache. generally, data register in at one time the faster the CPU. register size usually matches and so it is for either 32 bits 64 bits today.Some especially registers are longer most CPU.<br /> students register for the high-speed memory locations into the microprocessor.<br /> CPU uses these locations to store the data and instructions temporarily for processing.<br /> CPU process, store and transfer the data from one component to another with the help of registers for processing.<br />
The number of Registers varies among computers.<br />
It increases the processing power of CPU.<br />
Each register receives information holds it temporarily and pass it on as directed by CU.<br />
The size of Register depends on Computer Architecture.<br />
There are different types of Registers.<br />
<ol>
<li><h4>
Program Counter(PC).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
Instruction Register(IR).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
Memory Address Register(MAR).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
Memory Buffer Register(MBR).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
Instruction Pointer Register(IPR).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
Stack Pointer Register(SPR).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
General Purpose Registers(A,B,C,D).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
Index Register(DI,SI).</h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
Segment Register(CS,DS,SS,ES).</h4>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>
Program Counter:-</h4>
Holds Address of next instruction to be fetched and executed.<br />
<h4>
Instruction Pointer</h4>
Hold the current instruction that is being executed.<br />
<h4>
MAR:-</h4>
Holds the address of active memory location.<br />
<h4>
MBR:-</h4>
Holds the contents of memory location read from and written into the memory.<br />
<h4>
SPR:-</h4>
The arrangement of data is called stack and data is stored in or retrieved from the stack using LIFO(last in first out).<br />
<h4>
IPR:-</h4>
Holds the instruction address of Registers.<br />
<h4>
General Purpose Registers:-</h4>
These Registers are used to perform arithmetic and logical operations.AX,BX,CX,DX are 2 byte registers.<br />
i. Accumulator Registers:-used for arithmetic and logical operation.<br />
ii. Base Register:- used for indirect addressing.<br />
iii. Counter Register:- used for counting purpose.<br />
iv. Data Register:- used for division and multiplication.<br />
<h4>
Index Register:-used for the data segment and modifying operand address.</h4>
There are two types of index registers.<br />
i. SI(Souse Index).<br />
ii. DI(Destination Index).<br />
<h4>
Segment Register:-group of 4 Registers CS,DS,SS,ES. These registers are 2 bytes.</h4>
CS(Code Segment):- Holds the base location of all executable instructions in the program.<br />
DS(Data Segment):- default base location for the memory location.<br />
SS(Stack Segment):-contain the base location for memory variables.<br />
ES(Extra Segment):- additional base location for the memory location.<br />
<br />
<br />
<iframe allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CTaOTkh9sLc" width="560"></iframe>

Registers in Computer Architecture

The register is high-speed memory CPU registers are used by the CPU.Early store data intermediate results during p...

+ Read more »

Assembly Language Tutorials in urdu/hindi part 1

<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Assembly Language Tutorials in urdu/hindi part 1</span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: x-large;">Description:-</span><br />
An assembly language, often abbreviated ASM, is a low-level(0,1) programming language for a computer, or other programmable device, in which there is a very strong (generally one-to-one) correspondence between the language and the architecture's machine code instructions. Each assembly language is unique to a particular computer architecture. In contrast, most high-level programming languages are generally portable across multiple architectures but require interpreting or compiling. Assembly language may also be called symbolic machine code.<br />
<br />
Assembly language is translated into executable machine code(0,1) by a utility program referred to as an assembler. The conversion process is referred to as assembly, or assembling the source code. Assembly time is the computational step where an assembler is run.<br />
<br />
<br />
Assembly language uses a mnemonic to represent each low-level machine instruction or opcode, typically also each architectural register, flag, etc. Many operations require one or more operands in order to form a complete instruction and most assemblers can take expressions of numbers and named constants as well as registers and labels as operands, freeing the programmer from tedious repetitive calculations. Depending on the architecture, these elements may also be combined for specific instructions or addressing modes using offsets or other data as well as fixed addresses. Many assemblers offer additional mechanisms to facilitate program development, to control the assembly process, and to aid debugging.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Tags, Free online Classes, Free Earning on youtube,How to make money online.<br />
<br />

Assembly Language Tutorials in urdu/hindi part 1

Assembly Language Tutorials in urdu/hindi part 1 Description:- An assembly language, often abbreviated ASM, is a low-level(0,1) programmin...

+ Read more »

Assembly Language

There are two types of low-level languages<br /> <strong>Machine language</strong><br /> <strong>Assembly language</strong><br /> <strong>Machine language</strong><br /> The set of instruction a processor understand<br /> Machine languages are binary bits which computer understand.<br /> It does not need any translator program<br /> Machine language machine dependent<br /> The machine codes and ones are recognized as electric signals by the computer<br /> <strong>Assembly languages</strong><br /> Assembly language in which each statement corresponds instruction<br /> operation codes and operands are given in form of alphanumeric symbols Mnemonics codes<br /> Assembly language is converted in machine code by a programmer called assembler<br /> Assembly language machine dependent<br /> <strong>High-level languages</strong><br /> Formats close to the English language that enables people to write programs easily in their own native language<br /> High-level languages are machine independent<br /> High-level languages are easy to read write and maintain<br /> programs are written in high-level language translated into machine language a compiler or interpreter<br /> examples of high-level languages are BASIC, PASCAL,C,C++,JAVA<br />
<br />
<iframe allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/joO4oztv-B4" width="560"></iframe>

Assembly Language

There are two types of low-level languages Machine language Assembly language Machine language The set of instruction a processor unders...

+ Read more »